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How Bad is Jeff Suppan? And other tRA-related thoughts

Baseball has gotten a lot of mileage out of ERA over the years, and it continues to right now. It's a fine stat but it has its limitations; mainly a pitcher can't really control what happens to a ball put in play. So we have FIP or DIPS, which tend to take pitching evaluation to the opposite extreme: they only measure Ks, BBs, and HRs.

So the question becomes how to balance the two, and fortunately somebody developed an answer. It comes from Graham MacAree and Matthew Carruth at StatCorner.com.

tRA involves assigning run and out values to all events under a pitcher's control and coming up with an expected number of runs allowed and outs generated in a defense and park neutral environment. tRA is on a R/9 scale and does not involve any regression of the rates so while it should be more useful at determining a pitcher's true talent level, the best method for pitching projection is to use tRA*, the regressed version of tRA.

Here's the numberless explanation. You might have heard it discussed elsewhere in the baseball blogosphere. So, basically, a pitcher gets credit for 1 out for getting a K, about .8 for inducing a ground ball or fly ball, .98 of an out for inducing a pop-up, and only about .3 of an out for a line drive. HRs and BBs never result in an out, so they hurt a pitcher's tRA.

So basically, by using this information and adjusting to neutralize everything, we have a totally unbiased pitching metric based only on what the pitcher can control without his defense's help. So what does it tell us about the Brewers?

1 important note before reading this: tRA is expressed in Runs/9 innings. It's not directly comparable to ERA because of this. It's like using Runs allowed with errors per 9 innings instead of ERA. And there's no league adjustment. Fortunately, our friend Sky Kalkman at Beyond the Boxscore adjusted this all to get what he likes to call tERA, and put it all in a handy spreadsheet. Here's a chart of the only Brewers with a large enough sample to conclude anything:

 

tERA ERA
CC Sabathia 2.49 1.65
Ben Sheets 3.47 3.09
Manny Parra 4.68 4.39
Dave Bush 4.84 4.18
Jeff Suppan 6.24 4.95

As with most pitching metrics or advanced stats in general, tRA is going to be a bit more conservative than a traditional stat like ERA, meaning it ends up being less extreme than ERA and errs towards the average. 

Sabathia, Sheets, and Bush gave up fewer actual runs than tRA would have expected in 2008. You can put it on defense, luck, or whatever, but you wouldn't expect any of the three to perform that well again.

Parra's numbers are quite close, which gives me hope for the future especially considering his BB rates were really high this year along with his WHIP. tRA shows that his ability to get strikeouts and his good stuff that induces groundballs make him a good pitcher anyway.

That leaves Suppan. tERA in this chart is comparable to ERA, so he was expected to have an ERA of 6.24 last year given neutral defense and park. Converted into runs above/below replacement by Sky Kalkman in the aforementioned spreadsheet (based on expected innings pitched, but that's for another day), Suppan was 9 runs below replacement level in 2008. Given his age and declining skills, should we really expect that to get any better in 2009 or 2010? Coupled with the fact that a replacement starter like Mark DiFelice could potentially upgrade the Brewers by a whole win in 2009, it would be wise for Doug Melvin to go into crisis management mode.

I suggested earlier that, based on his 3 VORP, it would be wise to dump Suppan even if you have to pay most of his remaining contract. Well, based on tRA, it would almost be worth more to the Brewers to pay Suppan to not pitch for them than it would be for him to pitch, assuming you accept that his skills will likely decline in the next two years.

Soup's regular tRAs in the past four years are 5.35, 6.04, 5.32, and 6.46. This is not a good trend. Hopefully the Brewers are aware of this and won't be shocked if he completely implodes in 2009. 

tRA is really an interesting stat to look at. If you want something to do, go to Stat Corner and check out any player (even minor leaguers). I found out these things, remember that they're not on the ERA scale, multiply by about 90% to get an ERA comparable:

  • Jeremy Jeffress posted a 3.57 tRA at Brevard County this year.
  • How bad was Eric Gagne? 6.9 tRA last year.
  • Just say no to Jon Garland. 5.50 and 5.74 the past two years. 
  • Zack Greinke posted a 3.74 tRA this year in the AL.
  • As a relief pitcher, Carlos Villanueva: 3.25 in '08.
  • As a relief pitcher, Seth McClung: 4.27 in '08.
  • Aforementioned Mark DiFelice had a 2.33 tRA as a starter in AAA.
  • Trade target J.J. Putz's trends are bad- 1.6, 2.9, 4.6 from '06-'08.

That's all I have right now. Feel free to enlighten the rest of us if you find any interesting tRA trends/numbers from Stat Corner.

0 recs  |  Comment 16 comments

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good explanation

I appreciate that as most glossary definitions often aren’t very helpful.

Suppan: all I can think of or hope for is that he is working out ala Dempster. Get those legs and torso in great shape. If he has any pride he should be.

Parra: my memory is that he had some really good starts and some where he kept having the ball sail on him and walking guys and/or getting behind in counts with predictable results. I’m curious how he’ll pitch this year in part because I wonder if Maddux was a “genius” as advertised. I know it won’t tell that, but it would add info.

by ol Pete on Dec 9, 2008 4:28 PM CST reply actions   0 recs

What's replacement level for the Brewers?

I guess it doesn’t matter as much during the offseason when there are more free agents, but during the season shouldn’t replacement level be considered more team-specific than league-wide? For example, you say Suppan was 9 runs below replacement level last season. But isn’t replacement level different when you’re talking about calling up a guy like DiFelice or Gulin or Narron instead of a top prospect? I guess that’s a roundabout way of saying all AAA starters aren’t created equal. When your AAA or organizational starter depth is poor, isn’t replacement level lower than it is for a team stocked with arms not only because the players you can call up aren’t as good but also because you’d presumably have to give up something to get the so-called replacement level player?

Obscure baseball records and more at my blog, Recondite Baseball.

by TheJay on Dec 9, 2008 5:43 PM CST reply actions   0 recs

Thus, it's important to have good replacement-level players

Stats like this and VORP define replacement as about 80% of league average, so another way to look at it was that Suppan, by tRA, was around 70% of league average production this year. Not so good.

It would be irresponsible to just cut a slightly below replacement player and assume you can find a guy that’s better. Of course you have to put context into the decision-making. If you have Stud Prospect at AAA and Junkballer Jeff at MLB, the decision is obvious.

The best way I can think of “replacement starter” is the 2006 Brewers season. You call up your AAA crap and see if they can pitch decently, if they don’t, you dump them and call up the next guy… until you get to Geremi Gonzalez. The status of Jeff Suppan, going forward, suggests that a group like that, in ’06, would pitch better than Jeff Suppan. That is not a good thing, considering we owe him $10 million dollars.

I understand what you’re saying there. If you were making a decision, you’d have to consider available depth. But with a stat like this, we need something to compare it to, and replacement is easier to understand than using league average.

And neck size to baby eating ratio.

by Jordan M on Dec 9, 2008 5:58 PM CST up reply actions   0 recs

it depends where you set rep. level

Typically, the definition of RL is “freely available talent” — a level at which you can get players more or less for free. I would guess that 2/3 of Triple-A players can be had for a token cash amount, or a PTNBL, or something along those lines. So RL should mean DiFelice / McGehee, that sort of guy.

So in this context, we should have been able to find somebody better than Supp for free — though that assumes that Melvin would decide at some point, “Supp frigging sucks and we’re going to eat the contract because he’s going to keep sucking at exactly this level.”

You’re right, of course, that replacement level in practice is team-specific — but only ABOVE league RL. Being able to move McClung into the rotation, or Gwynn into center field (maybe) means that we have another above-RL option. If a team is getting very many AB or IP below RL, it means either management is dumb or we’re setting RL too high. (Or a bunch of otherwise reliable guys are having flukishly awful seasons, which we can only hope is what happened with Supp in 08, though I fear that’s not the case.)

Also, cheese.

by Jeff Sackmann on Dec 10, 2008 7:00 PM CST up reply actions   1 recs

To clarify something

Looking backward, tRA doesn’t so much eliminate luck as it gets rid of things the pitcher can’t control— defense and park. So if a pitcher gets “unlucky” and gives up a bunch of homers like Gagne did, it’s going to be reflected in their tRA even if it’s unsustainable. They regress it for tRA*, which is more like a future projection on Stat Corner.

And neck size to baby eating ratio.

by Jordan M on Dec 9, 2008 7:08 PM CST reply actions   0 recs

is giving up homers considered unlucky?

I’m guessing that percentage is based on flyball rate and things are extrapolated from there?

by ol Pete on Dec 9, 2008 9:31 PM CST up reply actions   0 recs

Giving up homers isn't considered unlucky

…but you can get a fluky year, for sure. Say 40% of hitters normally hit fly balls against Pitcher A. A normal home run rate on those fly balls might be about 12 percent. In a fluky year, he might give up 40% fly balls again, but 30% of those fly balls might be homers. That would be unlucky, or fluky.

Now if the same Pitcher A suddenly gives up 60% fly balls in a year, and about 12% of those become homers, his amount of homers given up goes way up but it’s all his fault, and there he’s not “unlucky”.

Because tRA is looking at value in the past, those two situations are treated the same HR-wise, where xFIP I think neutralizes home run rate to eliminate the “luckiness” (obviously a pitcher gets less credit for an outfield flyball than a groundball in the tRA formula, so that would be treated differently).

And neck size to baby eating ratio.

by Jordan M on Dec 9, 2008 9:52 PM CST up reply actions   0 recs

thanks

I don’t think that increases in things like home run rates is always random, but I guess it goes to show that stats are like women – none of them are perfect!

by ol Pete on Dec 9, 2008 10:10 PM CST up reply actions   0 recs

Exactly

If we had a perfect stat, things would be a lot less interesting. I agree that some HR rate increases aren’t random. But sometimes, fluctuation occurs and good GMs can recognize that and use it to buy low/sell high.

And neck size to baby eating ratio.

by Jordan M on Dec 9, 2008 10:18 PM CST up reply actions   0 recs

HIS NAME IS JUNKBALLER JEFF GET IT RIGHT

by HRF on Dec 9, 2008 7:23 PM CST reply actions   0 recs

here you go

i also like this one

And neck size to baby eating ratio.

by Jordan M on Dec 9, 2008 7:46 PM CST up reply actions   0 recs

I fully appreciate your assistance in spreading Junkballer Jeff and, if the event of a newsletter, you will receive a full, free subscription.

I also like the second one as well.

by HRF on Dec 9, 2008 8:29 PM CST up reply actions   0 recs

I hate to keep hammering the point, but

http://www.statcorner.com/leader.php?type=2&year=2008&leag=MLB&limit=300

Sort by tRA, descending. Jeff Suppan was the fourth-worst qualified starter in the majors this year.

And neck size to baby eating ratio.

by Jordan M on Dec 10, 2008 10:13 PM CST reply actions   0 recs

Gorzellany sure had a fall from grace. I wondered about Ian Snell as a trade target with his down year as well, but it sounds like the Pirates need pitching.

Kind of eye opening that Zito was a number of pitchers separated on the list from Soup. Maybe last year was the bad corollary of the career year and he’ll be decent next season (or not).

by ol Pete on Dec 11, 2008 7:02 AM CST up reply actions   0 recs

About 93% of Runs Are Unearned

A groundball pitcher will have more unearned runs but that’s a good rule of thumb.

And while it has value, I really wouldn’t consider tRA a projection, per say.

Marcel: 4.82 ERA
ZiPS: 5.04 ERA

Tangotiger considers replacement level for a starting pitcher to be 5.5 ERA, so theoretically, Suppan has a little value. Very little. :)

by rluzinski on Dec 14, 2008 9:18 PM CST reply actions   0 recs

tRA* (regressed) would be a better "projection"

5.62 after last year’s performance, so 5.22 on the ERA scale. Thanks for that 93% number, I remembered reading it somewhere (I think Beyond the Boxscore) and I couldn’t find it afterward.

The creators do acknowledge that straight tRA is measuring past value and can be subject to luck in some ways. I don’t expect Suppan to be 9 runs below replacement again, but it sure isn’t a good sign.

And neck size to baby eating ratio.

by Jordan M on Dec 14, 2008 9:35 PM CST up reply actions   0 recs

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