Eric Arnett's workload
Yesterday I spent some time building a pitch-count estimator based on the play-by-play data I've accumulated for college baseball. When teams spent $1 million or more on pitching in the first round of the draft, I'd imagine they'd like to know those arms aren't overworked.
The first guy I looked at was our own first-round pick, Eric Arnett. I kind of wish I hadn't. Before we get into the ugly numbers, a bit of background.
I'm not rigid about pitch counts--if someone is throwing well and plowing through the opposing lineup (whether it's Arnett or Suppan--ha!), there's no harm in letting them cross the 100- or 110-pitch mark. On the other hand, there's an awful lot of evidence suggesting that, the farther and more frequently a pitcher goes past those benchmarks, the more likely he is to become injured or ineffective.
Thus, more than a couple of 120-pitch outings out of a 22-year-old should be reason for concern. This, of course, depends on the pitcher, his physiology and his repertoire. If someone throws 150 fastballs, it isn't nearly as bad as 120 or 130 pitches with a mix of curves and splitters. So perhaps the Brewers know something I don't, that there's no reason Arnett couldn't hold up to the workload.
Enough of that. On to the numbers. Each of the rows below shows the date and pitch count of one of Arnett's starts. The one with the asterisk is an estimated pitch count, while the others are the pitch counts reported either by Indiana or their opponent that day.
02/21 89*
03/01 93
03/07 145
03/14 85
03/19 94
03/28 129
04/04 119
04/11 136
04/18 97
04/25 131
05/02 142
05/08 126
05/20 95
05/29 118
I suppose it could be worse, but it's sure not very good. Boyd Nation, who has done a huge amount of work in the last decade on college pitcher workloads, published a report last year with the worst workloads he could find. To compare them, he used a Baseball Prospectus metric called Pitcher Abuse Points (PAP3), which you can read about here.
Given those 14 starts, Arnett racked up 296,316 pitcher abuse points. All PAP numbers are pretty big, but few are that big. That would've placed him in Boyd's top ten last year, and higher than any other prospect in the nation.
In the words of Rambling Al: Oof.
Again, maybe the Brewers know something we don't know about Arnett and his ability to stand up to this kind of workload. They must be aware of the problem. Certainly, I won't be complaining if Arnett doesn't throw very many innings in professional ball this summer.
I'll be taking a broader look at the more problematic workloads in college baseball in my Hardball Times column next week. I've also got some data on supplemental pick Kyle Heckathorn below the jump.
It's clear from Heckathorn's pitch counts that his coach at Kennesaw State is aware of this kind of stuff. Until May, this looks like a major league 4th or 5th starter's workload:
02/20 81*
02/28 96*
03/06 109
03/13 106
03/20 98
03/27 93
04/03 119
04/11 108
04/17 107
04/24 65*
05/01 116
05/08 117
05/14 121
Heckathorn's PAP total for the season is around 25,000, just about the best we can possibly hope for out of a college starter. (It's those 130+ pitch starts that really cause problems.)
That final start on 5/14 was a nine-inning effort in a game K-State eventually won in 11. My pitch count estimator, though it's pretty good, thought he threw well over 140 pitches, but Heckathorn was much more efficient than that. I wish Arnett's workload looked a lot more like this one.
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26 comments
Comments
Soooooo
Does that mean shutting him down will help matters or is the damage done?
I’ve heard the phrase that a running back only has so many tackles in him and he’s done whether it’s over 5 season or 10 seasons. Is there any evidence that a pitcher can “recover,” especially younger ones?
by ecocd on Jun 15, 2009 1:11 PM CDT reply actions 0 recs
In defense of the Brewers
It sounds like they are going to be pretty careful with him for the rest of this year and presumably get him on a program for next year. It would be nice if the colleges did a better job with pitch counts, but its probably a case of college coaches not having the player’s best interest in mind. At least in the minors, the managers in the low minors can do what the MLB GM wants and not have to worry they will lose their jobs by keeping guys on strict pitch counts.
I wonder how much it helps that he often had 6 days rest between starts?
by grant76 on Jun 15, 2009 1:43 PM CDT reply actions 0 recs
I guess it makes sense why Z tended to go after high school arms
by sowingwildoats on Jun 15, 2009 1:45 PM CDT reply actions 0 recs
It's a double-edged sword
A lot of frontline college starters are overworked, but then again, they’ve also survived ages 18-21 (or 22)—a key part of the so-called “injury nexus”—without getting hurt. There’s a wide variety of tolerance for pitching workloads; I think Nolan Ryan will discover that a handful of guys are able to handle throwing 300 innings a year, and thus he’ll get maximum value out of those guys, but he’ll also blow out some other arms that could have handled a modern 200-ish inning season. Livan Hernandez was a perennial league-leader in PAP, and he just turned out to be one of those rubber-armed guys.
We do know that bigger, heavier pitchers tend to be healthier (even if that weight isn’t exactly muscle), so that’s a strong point in Arnett’s favor. Nevertheless, the Brewers are clearly concerned about his workload, and I think he’ll be on a very short pitch-count leash until next year.
It was a great selection of awesome.
by battlekow on Jun 15, 2009 1:56 PM CDT up reply actions 0 recs
I'd just like to underscore battlekow's first point again...
Nobody talks about guys who blew out their arms while pitching in college and never get drafted again after high school. The guys who do have already shown a certain level of resilience just by making it that far. It’s the flipside to the often-repeated cliché that college pitchers have lower upside than high school pitchers – you’re paying for that higher upside with the fact that those high schoolers you draft still need several more years of (potentially dangerous) development time than their college equivalents where the pool of remaining candidates has already been whittled down pre-draft.
by Zeyes on Jun 15, 2009 5:36 PM CDT up reply actions 0 recs
Yeah, because look how many starting pitchers the farm system churned out using that strategy?
i have a reasonable dislike of Bill Hall.
by Ted Simmons Speed Camp on Jun 15, 2009 4:05 PM CDT up reply actions 0 recs
2?
Gallardo, and manny, but I say 2 with a ? b/c I’m not sure if manny counts
"That's not a weird stat. Rickie is a run-scorer," Yost said. "It doesn't matter. It doesn't matter," Yost told reporters. "See, you guys have no concept. He's a run-scorer. So there's nothing weird about it. That's what he does."
by Hyatt on Jun 15, 2009 4:21 PM CDT up reply actions 0 recs
Manny
better be able to count to 7 or he won’t be able to calculate his ERA.
"He had some firsts," said Brewers manager Ken Macha. "His first homer, his first Major League start, his first error and my first gray hair."
by molitorfan on Jun 15, 2009 6:38 PM CDT up reply actions 0 recs
What's the significance of pitcher abuse points?
I mean, it’s certainly common sense that huge workloads can damage a kid’s arm, but has anyone done any studies on the actual correlation between these high PAP scores and later injury?
Seems like delivery and body-type would play a large enough role that analyzing PAP alone might not be very useful. Randy Johnson apparently had a PAP over 400,000 the year that guy published the article you linked to (2001), as a 38 year old, and his arms didn’t fall off after the season.
Ryan Braun: He loves it.
by SRB on Jun 15, 2009 1:55 PM CDT reply actions 0 recs
yes, there's a fairly strong correlation
there’s a study in one of the older (02?) BP annuals. I haven’t seen it in awhile. Boyd calls the correlation “striking.” Also striking is the number of guys who made Boyd’s college leaderboards who blew up, more sooner than later.
Also, cheese.
by Jeff Sackmann on Jun 15, 2009 4:55 PM CDT up reply actions 0 recs
With such a high workload,
I’m surprised Nolan Ryan’s Rangers didn’t draft him.
Cards Announcers On Gamel's First Career HR, ""That’s all they need is another home run hitter".
by tcyoung on Jun 15, 2009 2:20 PM CDT reply actions 0 recs
What do the Brewers really need to worry about here?
Let’s say Arnett pans out as a pitcher, and the Brewers get five years of big-league pitching out of him (presumably, the length of his first contract). If he’s excellent, he leaves Milwaukee anyways, before he hits the Tim Hudson/Mark Mulder self-destruction mode.
Like signature phrase? "That was slicker than Screech in a sex tape."
by Arthur Fonzarelli on Jun 15, 2009 3:41 PM CDT reply actions 0 recs
the worry is he turns into many of the recent pitcher first round picks the Brewers made
Suffering injuries before making it to the show
The designated hitter rule is like letting someone else take Wilt Chamberlain's free throws.
by Kyguy922 on Jun 15, 2009 3:45 PM CDT up reply actions 0 recs
Still unclear
If he’s someone who will blow his arm out to begin with, he has a two-to-three year window to “make it.” He either blows his arm in the minors or the bigs. Either way, it’s a mess, because the rehab process has a lot of “will he or won’t he” on the matter of recovery.
His talent and upside merit the pick. Everything else is a crap shoot. That’s the nature of MLB drafts, and why so many teams turn to 16 year old Latino recruits.
Like signature phrase? "That was slicker than Screech in a sex tape."
by Arthur Fonzarelli on Jun 15, 2009 3:57 PM CDT up reply actions 0 recs
Not saying there's no value here...
… but it sure seems like we’re borrowing trouble. Did Rogers, Parra et al have huge PAP’s when we drafted them? I’m guessing not, yet they broke down too. That doesn’t mean there’s no value to this sort of analysis. If the absence of high pitch counts and inning totals isn’t predictive of health, it doesn’t mean that the existence of high pitch counts and inning totals can’t be predictive of injury, but body type and durability to date would seem to me (without any numbers to back it up) to be just as valuable in trying to evaluate the likelihood of future injury.
i have a reasonable dislike of Bill Hall.
by Ted Simmons Speed Camp on Jun 15, 2009 4:10 PM CDT reply actions 0 recs
in the case of rogers and parra (and to some extent sheets)
we didn’t have much to go on beyond high school data. In the case of Rogers, he wasn’t even pitching a lot for a high schooler.
For those guys, you basically have to analyze body type and mechanics and cross your fingers.
For guys with three years of college, we have a lot more to go on. They are throwing more pitches, more regularly, against better competition. Of course, yeah, you don’t list guys by any one stat and pick guys and top and not pick guys at the bottom. But to me, it’s kind of like looking at a pitcher and saying, “man, he’s giving up an awful lot of line drives, maybe he’s not going to keep that ERA under 3.00” …only regarding injury rather than effectiveness.
Maybe Arnett has the body and mechanics to hold up against this kind of workload, but people said the same thing about Prior (not to mention dozens of other guys who we’ve all forgotten about by now).
Also, cheese.
by Jeff Sackmann on Jun 15, 2009 5:03 PM CDT up reply actions 0 recs
Prior
It’s impossible to say what, if any, injuries Prior would have had if he’d served under a less medieval manager upon making the Majors. We can at least say that he didn’t come out of USC ruined, since he was unbelievably good in 2003 before breaking down, but his college workload and manifestly imperfect mechanics could have made him a ticking time bomb, doomed to injury no matter how he was handled in the pros.
In any case, I doubt Arnett will be flogged as hard as Prior was, since the Brewers are already publicly voicing their concerns about his workload at Indiana. I’d like to think they also did an MRI before signing him.
It was a great selection of awesome.
by battlekow on Jun 15, 2009 7:01 PM CDT up reply actions 0 recs
I'd be curious to know what Sheets' numbers looked like before he was drafted...
… just by way of comparison. Were they predictive of his initial durability and his later fragility?
i have a reasonable dislike of Bill Hall.
by Ted Simmons Speed Camp on Jun 15, 2009 4:12 PM CDT reply actions 0 recs
Thinking about Nolan Ryan...
It really makes you appreciate just how much of a rubber arm he had. And not just concerning the 300+ innings per year, but also being a starter for 25+ seasons and the fact that he wasn’t a control pitcher by any means.
Ay!
by Arthur Fonzarelli on Jun 15, 2009 4:15 PM CDT reply actions 0 recs
The Thing About MLB Drafts
As I said before, it’s all a crap shoot. The analysis could consider his ability academically as well, which can have an impact. Maybe he’s less of a “thrower” and more of a “locator,” which means he’ll do better on pitch counts when he gets some smart managing. You could consider, as mentioned, body type. Family pedigree, standard deviation of break on his movement pitches, average velocity above pitch count 80, etc. What about his emotional strength? Has he had bouts of depression? All these things and more can have an impact on the player. Does he drink? Do drugs? Has he in the past?
And a player could provide all the answers the scouts and management DON’T want to hear and still develop into David Wells. The fact of the matter is that pitchers walk an incredibly thin tightrope to success, a balance that’s upset by any number of things (can can still be upset when they make it to the majors). It’s why MLB drafts until none of the GM’s want to draft anymore every year.
Which leads to my next point: signability. Like it or not, scouts and analysts alike have to admit that all the reports can go out the window with a team if the player is represented by Scott Boras. This is definitely the case with the Brewers.
To get a signable, top-flite lefty prospect that was on top of a lot of team’s lists is as close to a success as you can get. The rest hangs in the balance.
Ay!
by Arthur Fonzarelli on Jun 15, 2009 5:28 PM CDT reply actions 0 recs
Isn't he likely to become part of one of the Brewers' pitcher tandems anyway?
That would likely mean never pitching more than 5 innings per game for the rest of the season, and usually at most 4, with the corresponding low pitch counts. The question of whether the damage might already be done is pertinent, of course, but I suspect they won’t need to baby him to any degree not afforded to any other rookie pitcher in the system.
by Zeyes on Jun 15, 2009 5:31 PM CDT reply actions 0 recs
At least he had 6+ days rest most of the time
Obscure baseball records and more at my blog, Recondite Baseball.
by TheJay on Jun 15, 2009 5:43 PM CDT reply actions 0 recs
All in all
Correction to a previous post, he’s a righty. My bad. That being said, I think this is a good article to think about, actually. There are definitely college coaches that are focused more on their own success than the well-being of their young talent. They don’t need 10 years out of their kids; they only need two or three.
Ultimately, though, I’d like to make two key points. One, Mark Prior endured a full two seasons of hard work at USC, and while I haven’t seen the pitch totals, I know he averaged nearly 7.5 innings per start; for a comparison, C.C. Sabathia averaged just over 7.2 last year, and their control-ability is/was comparable. Eric Arnett was the starter only one season at Kentucky, though he did put in a Prior-like workload. Maybe a sidenote, Prior’s Trojans went deep into the CWS both years he was there, while Arnett’s hardly played a game.
The second point is that if there’s anything the Brewers should be concerned about, it’s that Arnett has only been pitching this well for one year.
Ay!
by Arthur Fonzarelli on Jun 15, 2009 6:44 PM CDT reply actions 0 recs

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